Peripheral neuropathy is one of the major side effects of chemotherapy. The central nervous system refers to the brain and spinal cord. The peripheral nervous system sends information from the brain and spinal cord to every other area of the body. Peripheral neuropathy happens when damage to the peripheral nervous system interferes with these transmissions and distorts the messages between the brain and the other parts of the body. The effects of neuropathy are not serious and do not necessarily last long, but can be very bothersome and are common following certain kinds of chemotherapy. Be sure to tell your doctor if you experience any symptoms so steps can be taken to ease the problem and ask your doctor if neuropathy is associated with the types of treatment you are receiving.