Managing the Side Effects of Radiation Therapy
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Mouth and Throat Changes
Radiation therapy to the head, neck, or chest can cause a number of side effects in the mouth and throat. Radiation damages the fast growing healthy cells in your mouth and throat as well as the cancer cells.
This damage can lead to problems such as:
- Dry mouth and throat
- Mouth sores
- Loss of taste
- Change in taste
- Tooth decay
- Infections of the mouth
- Jaw stiffness
- Thick saliva
- Difficulty swallowing
- Burning sensation in your chest
- Feeling as if you have a lump in your throat
These problems are usually short-term and go away when treatment ends. However, some changes may last for months or even years. If you are going to receive radiation to the head and neck region, it is important that you see an oncologic dentist before beginning treatment. Your dentist will make sure your mouth is as healthy as possible and you are ready to begin treatment.
Here are some ways to manage the mouth and throat problems caused by radiation therapy:
- Brush your teeth using an extra-soft toothbrush and gently floss your teeth.
- Ask you doctor about medications to increase saliva and saliva substitutes.
- Inspect your mouth every day for sores or lesions. Sip on water or chew gum to keep your mouth moist.
- Keep your mouth moist by sipping water throughout the day or chewing gum.
- Rinse your mouth with a solution of warm water, baking soda, and salt. Avoid mouthwashes that contain alcohol.
- Eat soft, moist foods that are easy to chew and swallow. Take small bites, chew slowly, and sip liquids.
- Use a prescription fluoride gel or toothpaste.
- Avoid sharp, crunchy, hot, or spicy foods that can hurt your mouth.
- Avoid all tobacco products and alcoholic beverages.
- Exercise your jaw muscles.
